The plasma depletion layer (PDL) is a layer on the sunward side of the magnetopause with lower plasma density and higher magnetic field compared to the corresponding upstream magnetosheath values. In a previous study. we have validated the UCLA global (MHD) model in studying the formation of the PDL by comparing model results. using spacecraft solar wind observations as the driver. https://foldlyers.shop/product-category/led-voltmeter/